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ʻO ke kukui LED i kēia manawa ka ʻenehana kukui kaulana loa. Aneane ua kamaʻāina nā kānaka a pau i nā pōmaikaʻi he nui i hāʻawi ʻia e nā mea hana LED, ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ikehu a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o nā kukui kukui kuʻuna. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻike nui ka hapa nui o ka poʻe e pili ana i ka ʻenehana kumu ma hope o ke kukui LED. Ma kēia pou, ke nānā nei mākou i ke ʻano o ka ʻenehana kukui LED e hoʻomaopopo ai i ka hana ʻana o nā kukui LED a ma hea nā pono āpau i loaʻa mai ai.

Mokuna 1: He aha nā LED a pehea lākou e hana ai?

ʻO ka hana mua e hoʻomaopopo i ka ʻenehana kukui LED ʻo ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā LED. Kū ka LED no nā diodes māmā. ʻO kēia mau diodes he semiconductor ma ke ʻano, ʻo ia ka mea hiki iā lākou ke alakaʻi i ka uila. Ke hoʻohana ʻia ke au uila ma luna o kahi diode māmā, ʻo ka hopena ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka ikehu ma ke ʻano o nā photons (ʻike māmā).

Ma muli o ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā LED fixtures i kahi diode semiconductor e hana i ka mālamalama, ua kapa ʻia lākou ʻo nā mea uila paʻa. ʻO nā kukui paʻa paʻa ʻē aʻe e pili ana i nā diodes māmā māmā a me nā diodes polymer light-emitting, e hoʻohana pū ana i kahi diode semiconductor.

Mokuna 2: Ka waihoʻoluʻu kukui LED a me ke ana wela

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kukui LED e hana i ke kukui keʻokeʻo. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kukui keʻokeʻo i loko o nā ʻano like ʻole e pili ana i ka mahana a i ʻole ka ʻoluʻolu o kēlā me kēia mea paʻa (no laila ka mahana kala). ʻO kēia mau māhele wela kala:

Keʻokeʻo Pumehana - 2,700 a 3,000 Kelvins
Keʻokeʻo kūʻokoʻa - 3,000 a 4,000 Kelvins
Keʻokeʻo Maʻemaʻe - 4,000 a 5,000 Kelvins
Lā Keʻokeʻo - 5,000 a 6,000 Kelvins
Keʻokeʻo ʻoluʻolu - 7,000 a 7,500 Kelvins
I ke keʻokeʻo mahana, ʻo ke kala i hana ʻia e nā LED he hue melemele, e like me nā kukui kukui. Ke piʻi aʻe ka mahana o ka waihoʻoluʻu, ʻoi aku ka keʻokeʻo o ke kukui a hiki i ka lā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, ua like ia me ke kukui maoli (ka lā mai ka lā). Ke hoʻomau nei ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana o ka waihoʻoluʻu, hoʻomaka ke kukui kukui i kahi hue polū.

Eia naʻe, hoʻokahi mea āu e hoʻomaopopo ai e pili ana i nā kukui emitting diodes ʻaʻole lākou e hana i ke kukui keʻokeʻo. Loaʻa nā diodes i nā kala kumu ʻekolu: ʻulaʻula, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a me ka uliuli. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu keʻokeʻo i loaʻa i ka hapa nui o nā kukui LED e pili ana i ka hui ʻana i kēia mau kala kumu ʻekolu. ʻO ke kumu, ʻo ka hui ʻana o nā kala i nā LED e pili ana i ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā lōʻihi hawewe māmā ʻokoʻa o ʻelua a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā diodes. No laila, ma o ka hui ʻana o ka waihoʻoluʻu, hiki ke hoʻokō i kekahi o nā kala ʻehiku i ʻike ʻia i ka spectrum māmā ʻike ʻia (nā kala anuenue), e hoʻopuka ana i ke kala keʻokeʻo ke hui pū ʻia.

Mokuna 3: LED a me ka ikehu pono

ʻO kekahi mea nui o ka ʻenehana kukui LED ʻo ko lākou ikaika ikaika. E like me ka mea i haʻi mua ʻia, ʻaneʻane ʻike nā poʻe a pau i ka ikaika o nā LED. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻike ka nui o ka poʻe i ke ʻano o ka hiki ʻana mai o ka ikehu.

ʻO ka mea e hoʻonui ai i ka ikehu o LED ma mua o nā ʻenehana kukui ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka hoʻohuli ʻana o nā LED i ka aneane āpau o ka mana i hoʻokomo ʻia (95%) i ka ikehu māmā. Ma luna o kēlā, ʻaʻole e hoʻokuʻu nā LED i ka radiation infrared (ke kukui ʻike ʻole ʻia), i mālama ʻia e ka hui ʻana i nā lōʻihi hawewe kala o nā diodes i kēlā me kēia mea e hoʻokō ai i ka lōʻihi hawewe keʻokeʻo wale nō.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hoʻololi ke kukui incandescent maʻamau i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi wale nō (ma kahi o 5%) o ka mana i hoʻopau ʻia i mālamalama, me ke koena e hoʻopau ʻia ma ka wela (ma kahi o 14%) a me ka radiation infrared (ma kahi o 85%). No laila, me nā ʻenehana kukui kuʻuna, pono ka nui o ka mana i mea e hoʻohua ai i ka ʻōlinolino kūpono, me nā LED e pono ai ka liʻiliʻi o ka ikehu e hana like a ʻoi aku paha ka mālamalama.

Mokuna 4: ʻO ke kukui kukui o nā mea hoʻopili LED

Inā ua kūʻai ʻoe i nā ʻōpuʻu kukui a i ʻole nā ​​​​kukui kukui i ka wā ma mua, ua kamaʻāina ʻoe i ka wattage. No ka manawa lōʻihi, ʻo ka wattage ke ala i ʻae ʻia e ana i ke kukui i hana ʻia e kahi mea paʻa. Eia naʻe, mai ka hiki ʻana mai o nā LED fixture, ua loli kēia. ʻO ke kukui i hana ʻia e nā LED ke ana ʻia i ka luminous flux, i wehewehe ʻia e like me ka nui o ka ikehu i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e kahi kumu kukui ma nā ʻaoʻao āpau. ʻO ka ʻāpana o ke ana o ka flux kukui he lumens.

ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke ana o ka ʻōlinolino mai ka wattage i ka ʻōlinolino ma muli o ka ʻike ʻana o nā LED he mau mana haʻahaʻa. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka ʻōlinolino me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka puka aniani ma mua o ka puka mana. Ma luna o kēlā, ʻokoʻa nā kukui LED ʻokoʻa (ka hiki ke hoʻololi i ka uila uila i puka māmā). No laila, ʻo nā mea hoʻohana e hoʻopau i ka nui like o ka mana e loaʻa i kahi puka kukui ʻokoʻa loa.

Mokuna 5: Nā LED a me ka wela

ʻO ka manaʻo kuhihewa maʻamau e pili ana i nā mea paʻa LED ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻohua i ka wela- no ka mea ʻoluʻolu lākou i ka hoʻopā ʻana. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻoiaʻiʻo kēia. E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei, ua hoʻololi ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka mana i hānai ʻia i nā diodes māmā i ka ikehu wela.

ʻO ke kumu o ka maʻalili o nā kukui LED i ka hoʻopā ʻana, ʻaʻole nui loa ka hapa liʻiliʻi o ka ikehu i hoʻololi ʻia i ka ikehu wela. Ma luna o kēlā, e hele mai nā mea hoʻolale LED me nā mea wela, ka mea e hoʻopau i kēia wela, ka mea e pale ai i ka wela nui o nā diodes kukui a me nā kaʻa uila o nā mea hana LED.

Mokuna 6: ʻO ke ola o nā mea hana LED

Ma waho aʻe o ka ikaika o ka ikehu, kaulana nō hoʻi nā kukui kukui LED no ko lākou ikehu. Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia kekahi mau LED ma waena o 50,000 a me 70,000 mau hola, ʻo ia hoʻi ma kahi o 5 mau manawa (a ʻoi aku paha) ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kekahi mau mea hoʻonaninani a me ka fluorescent. No laila, he aha ka lōʻihi o nā kukui LED ma mua o nā ʻano kukui ʻē aʻe?

ʻAe, ʻo kekahi o nā kumu e pili ana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo LED nā kukui kūlana paʻa, ʻoiai nā kukui incandescent a me nā kukui fluorescent e hoʻohana i nā filament uila, plasma, a i ʻole ke kinoea e hoʻokuʻu i ka mālamalama. Hoʻopau maʻalahi nā filament uila ma hope o ka manawa pōkole ma muli o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka wela, ʻoiai ʻo nā pahu aniani e hoʻopaʻa ai i ka plasma a i ʻole ke kinoea e maʻalahi loa i ka pōʻino ma muli o ka hopena, haʻalulu, a hāʻule paha. ʻAʻole paʻa kēia mau kukui kukui, a inā paha e ola lōʻihi lākou, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ko lākou ola i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā LED.

Hoʻokahi mea e hoʻomaopopo ai e pili ana i nā LED a me ke ola ʻana, ʻaʻole lākou e wela e like me nā ʻōpuʻu fluorescent a i ʻole nā ​​​​puʻi kukui (koe naʻe ka wela o nā diodes). Akā, hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ka luminous flux o kahi LED fixture i ka manawa, a hiki i ka 70% o ka puka kukui kumu.

I kēia manawa (i kapa ʻia ʻo L70), ʻike ʻia ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o ka luminous i ka maka o ke kanaka, a piʻi aʻe ka helu degradation, ʻaʻole pono ka hoʻohana mau ʻana i nā kukui LED. No laila, ua manaʻo ʻia ua hiki i ka hopena o ko lākou ola ʻana i kēia manawa.